Vickers Hardness
Vickers Hardness testing is a mechanical characterization technique for determining material hardness by pressing a diamond pyramid indenter into a material surface under controlled load and measuring the resulting indent dimensions. Invented by Smith and Sandland in 1922, Vickers hardness is applicable across an enormous hardness range (1-2000 HV) using the same indenter geometry at different loads. It is the most versatile hardness test, widely used in materials science, metallurgy, and quality control for assessing material strength and comparing alloy performance.
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- Smith, E., & Sandland, G. E. (1922). An accurate method of determining the hardness of metals with particular reference to high-hardness alloys. The Institution of Steel Engineers, 8, 623-641. · URL
- ASTM E92-17: Standard test methods for Vickers hardness and Knoop hardness of metallic materials. ASTM International. · URL
- Torrance, A. A., & Horne, A. (2014). The application of surface topography measurement techniques to microhardness testing. Tribology and Interface Engineering, 22, 213-226. · URL
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