Mean Shift
Mean Shift is a non-parametric, iterative mode-seeking algorithm that identifies clusters as the peaks of an underlying probability density function. Originally introduced by Fukunaga and Hostetler (1975) for gradient estimation in pattern recognition, it was substantially extended and popularized by Comaniciu and Meer (2002) for robust feature-space analysis and image segmentation. Unlike k-means, Mean Shift requires no prior specification of the number of clusters, deriving cluster structure entirely from the data density.
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- Fukunaga, K. & Hostetler, L. D. (1975). The estimation of the gradient of a density function, with applications in pattern recognition. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 21(1), 32–40. · DOI 10.1109/TIT.1975.1055330
- Comaniciu, D. & Meer, P. (2002). Mean shift: A robust approach toward feature space analysis. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 24(5), 603–619. · DOI 10.1109/34.1000236
- Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R. & Friedman, J. (2009). The Elements of Statistical Learning (2nd ed., Ch. 14). Springer. · ISBN 978-0-387-84858-7
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