Collectivism-Individualism Scale

The Collectivism-Individualism Scale is a self-report measure designed to assess individual differences in independent versus interdependent self-construal and cultural orientation toward individualism and collectivism. Developed by Singelis (1994) and refined through subsequent research by Triandis and colleagues, the scale operationalizes self-concept dimensions as independent (autonomous, unique) or interdependent (connected, embedded in relationships). It has become a fundamental tool for cross-cultural psychology research.