Σύγκριση μεθόδων

	Sport Motivation Scale (SMS)	Ερωτηματολόγιο Προσανατολισμού Εργασίας και Εγώ στον Αθλητισμό (TEOSQ)
Πεδίο	Αθλητική Ψυχολογία	Αθλητική Ψυχολογία
Οικογένεια	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Έτος προέλευσης	1995	1992
Δημιουργός	Luc Pelletier, Marc Fortier, Robert Vallerand	Joan Duda, John Nicholls
Τύπος	Self-report sport motivation questionnaire	Self-report achievement goal orientation questionnaire
Θεμελιώδης πηγή	Pelletier, L. G., Fortier, M. S., Vallerand, R. J., Tuson, K. M., Brière, N. M., & Blais, M. R. (1995). Toward a new measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 17(1), 35–53.	Duda, J. L., & Nicholls, J. G. (1992). Dimensions of achievement motivation in schoolwork and sport. Journal of Educational Psychology, 84(3), 290–299.
Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες	SMS, SMS-6	TEOSQ, Task Ego Orientation
Συναφείς	4	4
Σύνοψη	The SMS is a 24–28 item questionnaire measuring the motivational reasons athletes engage in sport, organized along the continuum of Self-Determination Theory: from intrinsic motivation (inherent enjoyment, mastery, excitement) through extrinsic forms (identified goals, introjected norms, external rewards) to amotivation (lack of intent). Developed by Pelletier and colleagues in 1995, the SMS has become the leading instrument for assessing sport motivation quality and predicting athlete engagement, retention, and psychological wellbeing.	The TEOSQ is a 13-item questionnaire measuring achievement goal orientation in sport: the underlying reasons athletes define success and pursue achievement. Developed by Duda and Nicholls in 1992, the TEOSQ has become a cornerstone instrument for understanding athlete motivation, resilience, and response to failure.