Σύγκριση μεθόδων

	Στάθμιση Βαθμολογίας Προδιάθεσης στην Εκπαιδευτική Έρευνα	Difference-in-Differences (Diff-in-Diff)
Πεδίο	Αιτιακή Συμπερασματολογία	Οικονομετρία
Οικογένεια	Regression model	Regression model
Έτος προέλευσης	1983 (theory); widely adopted in education research from 2000s	1994
Δημιουργός	Rosenbaum & Rubin (foundational theory, 1983); Thoemmes & Kim (education-focused review, 2011)	Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment)
Τύπος	Quasi-experimental causal inference	Causal inference / panel regression
Θεμελιώδης πηγή	Rosenbaum, P. R., & Rubin, D. B. (1983). The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70(1), 41-55.	Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355
Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες	PSW in education, inverse probability weighting in education, IPW education, propensity weighting education	diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff)
Συναφείς	5	5
Σύνοψη	Propensity score weighting (PSW) is a quasi-experimental technique that reweights observational samples so that treated and comparison students look similar on measured background characteristics, allowing credible causal estimates of educational interventions — such as program participation, instructional method, or school type — without random assignment.	Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes.