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| Στατιστικός Έλεγχος Διεργασιών Πολλαπλών Αποκρίσεων× | Ανάλυση Τρόπων Αστοχίας και Επιπτώσεων (FMEA)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Πεδίο | Πειραματικός Σχεδιασμός | Πειραματικός Σχεδιασμός |
| Οικογένεια | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Έτος προέλευσης≠ | 1947 (Hotelling's T²); mature multivariate SPC framework 1980s–2000s | 1949 (military); widespread industrial adoption 1970s–1980s |
| Δημιουργός≠ | Harold Hotelling (T² statistic); extended by Alt, Lowry, Montgomery, Mason & Young | U.S. Military / NASA (formalized by MIL-P-1629, 1949) |
| Τύπος≠ | Multivariate quality-monitoring procedure | Proactive risk analysis technique |
| Θεμελιώδης πηγή≠ | Lowry, C. A., & Montgomery, D. C. (1995). A review of multivariate control charts. IIE Transactions, 27(6), 800–810. DOI ↗ | Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (2nd ed.). ASQ Quality Press. ISBN: 978-0873895989 |
| Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες | Multivariate SPC, MSPC, Multi-response SPC, Multivariate statistical process control | FMEA, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMECA, Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis |
| Συναφείς | 6 | 6 |
| Σύνοψη≠ | Multi-response statistical process control (multivariate SPC) extends classical univariate control charting to processes where two or more correlated quality characteristics must be monitored simultaneously. By treating all responses as a joint distribution, it detects shifts that would be invisible when each response is charted independently, reducing false alarms and improving the sensitivity of process monitoring in manufacturing and service contexts. | Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a structured, proactive risk management technique used to identify potential failure modes in a system, process, or product design, evaluate their consequences, and prioritize corrective actions before failures occur. Originally developed for the U.S. military in 1949 and later adopted by NASA, automotive, and manufacturing industries, FMEA is now a cornerstone quality-engineering tool embedded in standards such as AIAG-VDA and ISO 9001-aligned processes. |
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