Σύγκριση μεθόδων

	Εκτιμητής Αντιστοίχισης	Αντίστροφη Πιθανότητα Στάθμισης Θεραπείας (IPW / IPTW)
Πεδίο	Αιτιακή Συμπερασματολογία	Αιτιακή Συμπερασματολογία
Οικογένεια	Regression model	Regression model
Έτος προέλευσης	1973	2000
Δημιουργός	Rubin (1973); large-sample theory by Abadie & Imbens (2006)	Robins, Hernán & Brumback
Τύπος	Nonparametric matching / causal inference	Causal inference weighting estimator
Θεμελιώδης πηγή	Abadie, A., & Imbens, G. W. (2006). Large Sample Properties of Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects. Econometrica, 74(1), 235-267.	Robins, J. M., Hernán, M. A., & Brumback, B. (2000). Marginal Structural Models and Causal Inference in Epidemiology. Epidemiology, 11(5), 550-560.
Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες	nearest-neighbor matching, NNM, matching on covariates, covariate matching	IPW, IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting, marginal structural model weighting
Συναφείς	6	5
Σύνοψη	The matching estimator identifies the causal effect of a treatment by pairing each treated unit with one or more untreated units that have similar observed characteristics. Formalised by Rubin (1973) and given rigorous large-sample theory by Abadie and Imbens (2006), it constructs a credible control group from observational data without requiring a parametric model for the outcome.	Inverse Probability Weighting is a causal-inference method that assigns each observation a weight equal to the inverse of its probability of receiving the treatment it actually received. Introduced by Robins, Hernán and Brumback (2000) for marginal structural models, it builds a pseudo-population in which treatment is independent of measured confounders, balancing selection bias.