Σύγκριση μεθόδων
Εξετάστε τις επιλεγμένες μεθόδους δίπλα-δίπλα· οι γραμμές που διαφέρουν επισημαίνονται.
| Εργαστηριακό Πείραμα× | Τυχαιοποιημένη Ελεγχόμενη Δοκιμή (ΤΕΔ)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Πεδίο | Πειραματικός Σχεδιασμός | Πειραματικός Σχεδιασμός |
| Οικογένεια≠ | Process / pipeline | Hypothesis test |
| Έτος προέλευσης≠ | 17th century (natural science); ~1879 onward (behavioral/social science) | 1948 |
| Δημιουργός≠ | Francis Bacon, Robert Boyle (early scientific method); formalized in social science by Wilhelm Wundt (1879 psychology lab) and Ronald A. Fisher (20th-century design principles) | James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948) |
| Τύπος≠ | Experimental quantitative design | Interventional comparative study |
| Θεμελιώδης πηγή≠ | Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN: 978-0395615560 | Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI ↗ |
| Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες | lab experiment, controlled experiment, true experiment, lab study | RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı |
| Συναφείς≠ | 5 | 7 |
| Σύνοψη≠ | A laboratory experiment is a research design in which the investigator systematically manipulates one or more independent variables under tightly controlled conditions, randomly assigns participants to conditions, and measures the effect on dependent variables. By maximizing internal control, the laboratory experiment is the gold standard for establishing cause-and-effect relationships. It is the backbone of experimental psychology, cognitive science, pharmacology, and many social sciences. | A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010). |
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