Σύγκριση μεθόδων

	Direct Standardization	Indirect Standardization
Πεδίο	Δημογραφία	Δημογραφία
Οικογένεια	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Έτος προέλευσης	2001	2001
Δημιουργός	Classical demographic method (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)	Classical demographic method (formalized by Preston, Heuveline & Guillot)
Τύπος	Rate adjustment by reweighting to a standard population	Rate adjustment using a standard schedule of group-specific rates
Θεμελιώδης πηγή	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512	Preston, S. H., Heuveline, P., & Guillot, M. (2001). Demography: Measuring and Modeling Population Processes. Blackwell. ISBN: 9781557864512
Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες	Directly standardized rate, Age-standardized rate, Direct method of standardization, Doğrudan Standardizasyon	Indirect method of standardization, Standardized mortality ratio, SMR method, Dolaylı Standardizasyon
Συναφείς	4	4
Σύνοψη	Direct standardization is a demographic technique that makes summary rates comparable across populations by applying each population's group-specific rates — most often age-specific death or disease rates — to a single, common standard population structure. The resulting directly standardized rate answers a counterfactual question: what would the crude rate be if every population had the same age (or other) composition? It removes the confounding effect of differing population structure so that genuine differences in underlying risk can be compared on a level footing.	Indirect standardization is a demographic technique for comparing summary rates when a study population's own group-specific rates are too sparse to be reliable. Instead of reweighting the study population's rates, it applies a trusted standard schedule of group-specific rates to the study population's own structure to compute the number of events that would be expected. The ratio of observed to expected events — the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) — measures how the study population's risk compares with the standard, adjusted for its composition.