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| Επιθεώρηση της Μετρικής Αμεροληψίας σε Αυτοματοποιημένα Προσαρμοστικά Τεστ (CAT)× | Διαφορική Λειτουργία Αντικειμένου (DIF)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Πεδίο | Ψυχομετρία | Ψυχομετρία |
| Οικογένεια | Latent structure | Latent structure |
| Έτος προέλευσης≠ | 1990s–2000s | 1970s–1993 |
| Δημιουργός≠ | Building on Meredith (1993) for invariance and Lord (1980) for adaptive testing | William H. Angoff and colleagues (ETS); systematized by Holland & Wainer |
| Τύπος≠ | Measurement equivalence testing in adaptive testing contexts | Item-level bias detection |
| Θεμελιώδης πηγή≠ | Millsap, R. E. (2011). Statistical Approaches to Measurement Invariance. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0805864946 | Holland, P. W. & Wainer, H. (Eds.) (1993). Differential Item Functioning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. ISBN: 978-0805809589 |
| Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες | CAT measurement invariance, adaptive test invariance, CAT MI, measurement equivalence in CAT | DIF, item bias analysis, measurement non-equivalence, item-level measurement bias |
| Συναφείς≠ | 6 | 5 |
| Σύνοψη≠ | Computerized adaptive test measurement invariance evaluates whether a CAT instrument measures the same latent construct with the same psychometric properties across different groups (e.g., gender, language, clinical vs. community) or time points. It combines IRT-based adaptive test frameworks with measurement equivalence testing to ensure fair and comparable score interpretation. | Differential item functioning identifies test or survey items that behave differently for examinees from different groups — such as gender, ethnicity, or language background — after controlling for the underlying ability or trait being measured. DIF analysis is essential for fairness evaluation in educational testing and psychological scale development. |
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