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| Προσαρμοστικό Φυσικό Πείραμα× | Difference-in-Differences (Diff-in-Diff)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Πεδίο≠ | Πειραματικός Σχεδιασμός | Οικονομετρία |
| Οικογένεια≠ | Process / pipeline | Regression model |
| Έτος προέλευσης≠ | 2000s–2010s (systematic application in policy and social science evaluation) | 1994 |
| Δημιουργός≠ | Synthesizes natural experiment tradition (Meyer 1995; Dunning 2012) with adaptive design principles (Wald 1947; Chow & Chang 2008) | Card & Krueger (canonical 1994 application); Angrist & Pischke (textbook treatment) |
| Τύπος≠ | Quasi-experimental adaptive research design | Causal inference / panel regression |
| Θεμελιώδης πηγή≠ | Dunning, T. (2012). Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences: A Design-Based Approach. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-1107698000 | Angrist, J. D., & Pischke, J.-S. (2009). Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 978-0691120355 |
| Εναλλακτικές ονομασίες≠ | adaptive quasi-experiment, adaptive exogenous shock design, adaptive as-if randomization, sequential natural experiment | diff-in-diff, DiD, Farkların Farkı (Diff-in-Diff) |
| Συναφείς≠ | 4 | 5 |
| Σύνοψη≠ | An adaptive natural experiment combines the causal logic of the natural experiment — exploiting real-world events that assign individuals to conditions in a plausibly exogenous way — with pre-specified adaptive monitoring rules that allow the analytic protocol to be modified based on accumulating data. This hybrid design is used in economics, epidemiology, and policy evaluation when the natural event unfolds over time and interim evidence can legitimately inform decisions about data collection scope, subgroup focus, or analytic strategy without compromising causal validity. | Difference-in-Differences is a causal-inference method that estimates the effect of an intervention by comparing how a treatment group and a control group change over time. Made famous by Card and Krueger's 1994 minimum-wage study and developed in Angrist and Pischke's Mostly Harmless Econometrics, it isolates the treatment effect as the difference between the two groups' before-after changes. |
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