Tourism Seasonality Index
Tourism seasonality measurement summarizes how unevenly tourism demand is distributed across the year. Destinations rarely receive visitors at a constant rate; arrivals, overnight stays, and revenue cluster in peak months and thin out in the off-season, straining capacity at the top and leaving resources idle at the bottom. Seasonality indices turn a monthly demand series into a single, comparable number measuring this temporal concentration. Simple ratios compare the peak month to the average or to the trough, while the Gini coefficient — long established in the study of inequality and adapted by Svend Lundtorp and others to tourism — captures concentration across all months at once via a Lorenz curve. Adjusted versions, such as Tsitouras's 'months equivalent' degree of seasonality, make the index easier to interpret and compare.
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- Lundtorp, S. (2001). Measuring Tourism Seasonality. In T. Baum & S. Lundtorp (Eds.), Seasonality in Tourism (pp. 23-50). Oxford: Pergamon/Elsevier. · ISBN 9780080436746
- Tsitouras, A. (2004). Adjusted Gini Coefficient and 'Months Equivalent' Degree of Tourism Seasonality: A Research Note. Tourism Economics, 10(1), 95-100. · DOI 10.5367/000000004773166619
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