Minimum Dietary Diversity for Children
Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) for children is the WHO/UNICEF infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicator measuring whether a child aged 6 to 23 months consumed foods and beverages from at least five of eight defined food groups in the previous day, used as a population proxy for the quality of complementary feeding. Defined in the WHO's 2008 IYCF indicator guidance and substantially revised in the 2021 WHO/UNICEF update, the indicator targets the window in which breast milk alone no longer meets a child's needs and complementary foods must supply increasing nutrients. The 2021 revision raised the food-group count from seven to eight by adding breast milk as its own group, correcting a bias that had penalized breastfed children, and the share of children reaching the minimum is now a core global feeding-practice statistic.
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- World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) (2021). Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices: Definitions and Measurement Methods. WHO, Geneva. · ISBN 9789240018389
- World Health Organization (2008). Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices: Part 1 Definitions. WHO, Geneva. · ISBN 9789241596664
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