World-Systems Analysis
World-systems analysis is a historical-structural framework, founded by Immanuel Wallerstein in The Modern World-System (1974) and codified in his 2004 introduction, that takes as its unit of analysis not the nation-state but a single, integrated capitalist world-economy that has expanded since the long sixteenth century to encompass the globe. Within this world-economy a single axial division of labor binds together a hierarchy of zones — core, semiperiphery, and periphery — through which surplus flows unequally from peripheral to core regions. States, classes, and firms are understood by their position in this structure rather than as self-contained societies, and the system is read over the longue duree, attentive to long cycles of accumulation and to the rise and decline of successive hegemonic powers.
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- Wallerstein, I. (1974). The Modern World-System I: Capitalist Agriculture and the Origins of the European World-Economy in the Sixteenth Century. Academic Press. · ISBN 9780127859200
- Wallerstein, I. (2004). World-Systems Analysis: An Introduction. Duke University Press. · ISBN 9780822334422
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