Retrospective case-control study
A retrospective case-control study identifies individuals who already have an outcome of interest (cases) and a comparable group without it (controls), then looks backward in time using existing records to determine prior exposure to a suspected risk factor. The primary measure of association is the odds ratio. This design is especially efficient for studying rare diseases or outcomes with long latency periods, since the outcome has already occurred before the study begins.
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- Schlesselman, J. J. (1982). Case-Control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. Oxford University Press. · ISBN 978-0195029338
- Cornfield, J. (1951). A method of estimating comparative rates from clinical data: Applications to cancer of the lung, breast, and cervix. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 11(6), 1269–1275. · URL
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