Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure
The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) is a self-report instrument designed to assess ethnic identity development among adolescents and young adults from diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Originally developed by Phinney in 1992, the MEIM measures two primary dimensions: ethnic identity search (active exploration of one's ethnicity) and affirmation-belonging-commitment (positive feelings and sense of belonging to one's ethnic group). The instrument is widely used in developmental, clinical, and health research to evaluate ethnic identity formation, its relationship to psychological well-being, and health outcomes across diverse populations.
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- Phinney, J. S. (1992). The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure: A new scale for use with adolescents and young adults from diverse groups. Journal of Adolescent Research, 7(2), 156–176. · DOI 10.1177/074355489272003
- Roberts, R. E., Phinney, J. S., Masse, L. C., Chen, Y. R., Roberts, C. R., & Romero, A. (1999). The structure of ethnic identity of young adolescents from diverse ethnocultural groups. Journal of Early Adolescence, 19(3), 301–322. · DOI 10.1177/0272431699019003001
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